快让爸妈换盐!这种盐吃多了升血压,很多老人中招了…
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盐是我们日常生活中必备的调味品,吃饭没有盐,那简直是食之无味,令人难以下咽。但是,吃盐多了却也对身体有伤害。“吃得咸、口味重”带来的高血压、血管壁硬化、中风等一系列心血管健康问题不容忽视。这其中,跟吃什么盐密切相关!
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最近,我国一项新研究发现,只要家里做饭换种盐,就能帮助控血压、降低中风风险!究竟是什么盐呢?这就带你去了解一下!
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换种盐,就能控血压、降低中风风险!
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2021年8月,由北京大学团队领衔,发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)上的一项研究发现,从
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普通食盐改用“含钾代盐”(低钠盐)
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可以明显减少中风、主要心血管事件和死亡。
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该研究在中国600多个村庄开展,共纳入了超2万例有中风或高血压病史的居民,研究人员将这些人1:1随机分组,其中一部分居民使用含钾代盐(按质量计75%氯化钠和25%氯化钾),另一部分继续使用普通食盐(100%氯化钠)。
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经过平均4.74年的随访,研究人员发现,含钾代盐组人群的收缩压比对照组低3.3mmHg,24小时尿钠排泄量平均少350mg,24小时尿钾排泄量平均多803mg。同时,含钾代盐组的中风风险明显降低14%;主要心血管事件风险减少13%;死亡风险降低12%。
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而且研究显示,不同年龄、性别、教育背景、不同疾病(心血管疾病、糖尿病、高血压等)病史的患者,吃“含钾代盐”(低钠盐)都
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有助于预防中风。
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什么是低钠盐?
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低钠盐是以碘盐为原料,再添加一定量的氯化钾和硫酸镁,从而改善体内钠、钾、镁的平衡状态,预防高血压。低钠盐含有60%~70%的氯化钠,同时还有20%~30%的氯化钾和8%~12%的硫酸镁。与普通食盐相比,低钠盐的显著特点是
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钠含量减少,钾含量增多。
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钾通过扩张血管、降低血管阻力与增加尿钠的排泄,来抵抗高钠的升血压作用。
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同时,食用低钠盐能够减少钠离子的摄入,从而减少罹患高血压、心脑血管病等疾病的风险。
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对于高血压患者来说,食用低钠盐有助维持体内钠、钾平衡,对控制血压大有裨益。
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低钠盐为什么受到青睐?
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经常说吃盐多会导致血压升高,其实,这都是盐中的钠在作祟。人的血管具有通透性,钠就像海绵,如果钠摄入多了,会把
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水分吸收进入造成水钠潴留,增加血容量,给血管增加压力
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,长期如此,血管的压力就会越来越大,导致高血压。
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钾刚好能起到制约钠的作用
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,当钠横行于世的时候,钾的势力会被压制,起不到调节作用,但如果在食物中增加钾的摄入,就可以削弱钠的嚣张气焰,促进钠的排出,减少水钠潴留的现象。低钠盐刚好就起到了这样的作用。
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低钠盐虽好,但这类人慎用!
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低钠盐虽好,并不是说想吃多少就吃多少,还是要按照标准控制盐的总摄入量。《中国居民膳食指南(2016版)》推荐
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每日摄入盐需少于6克。
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在我国的高血压防治指南中也明确指出,肾功能良好者可选择低钠富钾替代盐。但千万不可因为低钠盐有好处就大把大把地用,否则就失去了减盐(低钠)的意义了。
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此外,要注意,低钠盐并不适合所有人群。例如,凡是
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有潜在高钾血症风险和肾脏功能异常的人群,以及存在排钾障碍性的慢性肾脏病患者
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都不适合食用低钠盐。否则 ,低钠盐中含有的较多的钾因为不能有效地排出体外,会堆积在体内造成高血钾,由此容易导致心律不齐、心力衰竭等危险。
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来源:科普中国
</p> 说是这么说,买盐的时候估计没多少人能分的清楚 低钠盐有优点,但不适合所有人。请注意这个误区! 发到群里了 谢谢 学到了,感恩科普君 每天一点小知识,已了解 科学食盐学起来 哦 每个人都应该少摄入
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